Fig. 3

Effect of TSA on the expression of shoot meristem-specific genesAtWUS, AtSTM, AtRap2.6 L, andAtCUC2during shoot regeneration. Calli were induced from root explants in CIM with or without 2 µM TSA for 7 days, then transferred to SIM without TSA. Gene expression was normalized to eIF4A. Data represent the means of three biological replicates, with error bars showing standard deviation. Significant differences between TSA concentrations were determined using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test, indicated by distinct letters (p < 0.05).