Table 5 Different kinetic models that were investigated in this study.

Pseudo First Order

\(\:\text{ln}\left({\text{q}}_{\text{e}}-{\text{q}}_{\text{t}}\right)=\text{ln}{\text{q}}_{\text{e}}-{\text{k}}_{1}\text{t}\)

\(\:\text{l}\text{o}\text{g}({Q}_{e}-{Q}_{t})\) vs. Time (min)

Intercept = log Q_e

Slope = \(\:-\frac{{k}_{1}}{2.303}\)

Pseudo Second Order

\(\:\frac{\text{t}}{{\text{q}}_{\text{t}}}=\frac{1}{{\text{k}}_{2}{\text{q}}_{\text{e}}^{2}}+\frac{\text{t}}{{\text{q}}_{\text{e}}}\)

\(\:\frac{t}{{Q}_{t}}\) vs. Time (min)

Intercept = \(\:\frac{1}{{\text{k}}_{2}{\text{q}}_{\text{e}}^{2}}\)

Slope = \(\:\frac{1}{{\text{q}}_{\text{e}}}\)