Table 4 Difference-in-difference analysis of households receiving actellic compared to households continuing to receive Sumishield in Feb-Mar 2023 IRS round.

From: Adjusting vector surveillance for human behaviors reveals Anopheles funestus drove a resurgence in malaria despite IRS with clothianidin in Uganda

   

All Anopheles species human-behavior adjusted HBRs*

An. funestus human-behavior adjusted HBRs

Intervention

Households**

Observations

Pre-Mar 2023 (95% CI)

Post-Mar 2023 (95% CI)

Rate ratio (95% CI)***

p-value

Pre-Mar 2023

Post-Mar 2023

Rate ratio (95% CI)

p-value

Sumishield to Actellic

5

185

5.2 (1.3 to 9.0)

2.1 (0.1 to 4.2)

Ref

1.2 (0.2 to 2.3)

0.1 (0.0 to 0.1)

Ref

Continue Sumishield

3

83

3.4 (0.2 to 6.7)

1.8 (0.5 to 3.2)

1.3 (0.5 to 3.4)

0.614

0.9 (0.0 to 2.0)

0.5 (0.0 to 1.0)

8.6 (2.0 to 37.0)

0.004

  1. *Human-behavior adjusted HBRs calculated as the sum of vector exposure per hour when individuals are outdoors or indoors without bednet use.
  2. **Analysis restricted to the 8 households clustered near the border to control for geographic differences.
  3. ***Rate ratios from negative binomial regression models over entire observation period, adjusted for seasonality and accounting for clustering at household level.
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