Fig. 8
From: Unified solution of earth pressure at the end of shallow buried shield at different driving angles

Active failure mode diagram of downward driving (Software: ABAQUS 2020, https://www.3ds.com/products-services/simulia/products/abaqus/).
From: Unified solution of earth pressure at the end of shallow buried shield at different driving angles
Active failure mode diagram of downward driving (Software: ABAQUS 2020, https://www.3ds.com/products-services/simulia/products/abaqus/).