Table 7 Estimation findings of KRLS approach.

From: Exploring the effects of global value chain participation, technological eco-innovation and natural resource rents on environmental quality in the EU-14

Model I

Dependent Variable: CO2

AVG

25%

50%

75%

GVCP

-9.9362***

-13.7946

-7.78657

-1.09343

TEI

-0.004631***

-0.006549

-0.004876

-0.002847

NRR

2.48264***

0.402471

1.75807

3.61325

GDP

0.000028**

-0.000069

0.0000035

0.000168

POPG

-0.439041*

1.53552

-0.105767

0.848368

Lambda: 0.1612

Tolerance: 0.21

Sigma: 5

Eff.df : 34.24

R2 : 0.9135

Looloss: 99.14

Model II

Dependent Variable: EF

AVG

25%

50%

75%

GVCP

-2.22891**

-8.31042

-2.39623

2.96676

TEI

-0.000308

-0.001686

-0.000438

0.000894

NRR

0.719055**

-0.170455

0.619018

1.54989

GDP

0.000028***

0.0000084

0.000028

0.00005

POPG

0.365536***

-0.362628

0.509588

0.917505

Lambda: 0.1682

Tolerance: 0.21

Sigma: 5

Eff.df : 33.84

R2 : 0.9396

Looloss: 43.69