Fig. 2

CT images showing bone density measurement assessments of the preoperative and postoperative vertebral body with pedicle screws in axial, coronal, and sagittal planes. Figures (a–c) present the axial, coronal, and sagittal measurements of bone density in the preoperative vertebral body, while Figures (d–f) display the axial, coronal, and sagittal measurements of bone density in the postoperative vertebral body.