Fig. 5 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 5

From: Randomized cross-over trial comparing stress responses amongst undergraduates and surgeons with and without background music during simulated surgery

Fig. 5

Physiological responses to the simulated surgical task under music and control (non-music) conditions in the medical student (MS) and vascular surgeon (VS) groups. Panels show (A) heart rate (HR); (B) middle cerebral artery flow velocity (MCA Vm); (C) partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO2, mmHg); (D) respiratory rate (RR); and (E) mean arterial pressure (MAP, mmHg). Values are expressed as mean with standard deviations for MS (green, n = 15) and VS (n = 12, purple). P values show the results of three-way repeated measures analysis of variance. Results of post-hoc analysis with Tukey HSD shown as * = p < 0.05.

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