Table 1 Determinants of social contact intensities and survey fatigue in Germany, June 11-22 2020 (wave 4) and May 5-24 2021 (wave 21).

From: Addressing survey fatigue bias in longitudinal social contact studies to improve pandemic preparedness

  

# Participants (# repeat)*1

   

Variable

Category

Survey

Wave 4

Survey

Wave 21

Well-

\(\text {known}^{*2}\)

Relevant to

contact

\(\text {intensity}^{*3}\)

Relevant to

reporting

\(\text {fatigue}^{*4}\)

Age group

Preschool (0-5)

61 (8)

69 (33)

\(\circ\)

n.t.

\(\circ\)

Raised at home (0–5)

17 (2)

44 (15)

\(\circ\)

n.t.

\(\circ\)

6-9

34 (8)

51 (28)

\(\circ\)

n.t.

\(\circ\)

10-14

80 (25)

112 (71)

\(\circ\)

n.t.

\(\circ\)

15-19

103 (27)

145 (72)

\(\circ\)

n.t.

\(\circ\)

20-24

106 (16)

151 (81)

\(\circ\)

n.t.

\(\circ\)

25-34

216 (54)

277 (172)

\(\circ\)

n.t.

\(\circ\)

35-44

163 (68)

233 (157)

\(\circ\)

n.t.

\(\times\)

45-54

271 (139)

353 (209)

\(\circ\)

n.t.

\(\circ\)

55-64

318 (197)

395 (250)

\(\circ\)

n.t.

\(\circ\)

65-69

311 (161)

382 (255)

\(\circ\)

n.t.

\(\circ\)

70-74

118 (61)

174 (128)

\(\circ\)

n.t.

\(\times\)

75-79

48 (24)

52 (34)

\(\circ\)

n.t.

\(\circ\)

80-84

5 (3)

9 (5)

\(\circ\)

n.t.

\(\circ\)

Sex

Male

965 (391)

1288 (807)

\(\circ\)

n.t.

\(\times\)

Female

886 (402)

1159 (703)

\(\circ\)

n.t.

\(\circ\)

Household

size

1 person

477 (334)

728 (457)

\(\circ\)

n.t.

\(\circ\)

2 person

435 (165)

825 (465)

\(\circ\)

n.t.

\(\times\)

3 person

535 (199)

497 (339)

\(\circ\)

n.t.

\(\times\)

4 person

206 (53)

276 (167)

\(\circ\)

n.t.

\(\times\)

5+ person

198 (42)

121 (82)

\(\circ\)

n.t.

\(\times\)

Employment

Full-time employed

508 (220)

702 (423)

 

\(\circ\)

\(\circ\)

Part-time employed

202 (96)

261 (166)

 

\(\circ\)

\(\circ\)

Self-employed

89 (48)

106 (69)

 

\(\circ\)

\(\circ\)

Student (15+)

193 (45)

228 (130)

 

\(\circ\)

\(\circ\)

Retired

462 (248)

615 (422)

 

\(\circ\)

\(\times\)

Long-term sick

42 (21)

59 (33)

 

\(\circ\)

\(\circ\)

Unemployed

(seeking)

82 (32)

91 (49)

 

\(\circ\)

\(\circ\)

Unemployed

(not seeking)

34 (10)

50 (37)

 

\(\circ\)

\(\circ\)

Stay-at-home parent

47 (30)

59 (34)

 

\(\circ\)

\(\circ\)

COVID-like

Symptoms

Yes

468 (182)

620 (315)

 

\(\times\)

n.t.

No

1383 (611)

1827 (1195)

 

\(\times\)

n.t.

Day of week

Weekday

1579 (569)

2359 (1433)

 

\(\times\)

n.t.

Weekend

272 (224)

88 (77)

 

\(\times\)

n.t.

Urban type

Rural

282 (119)

376 (232)

 

\(\times\)

\(\circ\)

Intermediate

705 (291)

923 (564)

 

\(\circ\)

\(\circ\)

Urban

864 (383)

1148 (714)

 

\(\circ\)

\(\times\)

 

Total

1851 (793)

2447 (1510)

   

n.t.: Not tested, \(\circ\): Selected, \(\times\): Not selected

*1 The total number of participants is reported on the left and the number of repeat participants is reported in brackets.

*2 By “well-known” we refer to covariates which have been extensively documented in previous studies.

*3 Relevant features are those which increase or reduce contact intensity by more than 5% relative to the baseline.

*4 Relevant features are those which reduce contact intensity by more than 5% relative to the baseline.