Table 1 Parameters of the rock mass in the numerical simulation.
rock | density/(kg/m3) | bulk modulus/GPa | tensile strength/MPa | internal friction angle/(°) | cohesion/MPa | Poisson’s ratio |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
quartz sandstone | 2500 | 15 | 0.91 | 42 | 28 | 0.19 |
carbonaceous shale | 2200 | 5 | 0.52 | 37 | 15 | 0.25 |
coal | 1700 | 0.5 | 0.31 | 36 | 0.43 | 0.31 |