Fig. 1

(a) Photographs in RGB and red channel only (top) and red intensity bar graph (bottom) of a sample containing 4 µM dsDNA (positive) and a sample without dsDNA (negative). The blue light is from the blacklight (b) Fluorescence spectrum at 480 nm excitation of dye solution in the absence and presence of dsDNA and PNAs. The insets show zoom-ins of each spectrum’s peak for clarity. (c) Square wave voltammogram between positive and negative samples.