Table 1 Characterization of the FoCus sub-cohort according to demographic, anthropometric and grouping variables (n = 627) *.

From: Healthy lifestyle, daytime sleepiness, and gut microbiome composition are determinants of functional strength in humans: a cross-sectional study

Variable

Overall

(n = 627)

Women

(n = 394)

Men

(n = 233)

p

Values a

padjust – Values b

Age, y

52.0

(43.0, 62.5)

50.0

(41.0, 60.0)

55.0

(47.0, 65.0)

< 0.001

< 0.001

Age group, n (%)

0.010

0.017

Younger adults, < 65 years

497 (79)

325 (82)

172 (74)

  

Older adults, ≥ 65 years

130 (21)

69 (18)

61 (26)

  

Height, cm

172.0

(166.0, 180.0)

168.0

(164.0, 172.0)

180.5

(176.0, 185.0)

< 0.001

< 0.001

Weight, kg

95.7

(78.6, 122.1)

93.0

(72.9, 123.9)

97.2

(84.9, 119.9)

0.004

0.008

BMI, kg/m²

31.3

(26.4, 41.4)

33.2

(26.5, 44.1)

29.6

(26.4, 36.5)

0.003

0.006

BMI group, n (%)

< 0.001

< 0.001

Normal weight

119 (19)

77 (20)

42 (18)

  

Overweight

154 (25)

75 (19)

79 (34)

  

Obesity class I

107 (17)

65 (16)

42 (18)

  

Obesity class II

67 (11)

43 (11)

24 (10)

  

Obesity class III

180 (29)

134 (34)

46 (20)

  

Handgrip strength, kg

28.8

(23.1, 39.0)

24.9

(20.7, 28.8)

43.1

(36.7, 48.1)

< 0.001

< 0.001

Sports, min/week

165.0

(30.0, 311.25)

150.0

(30.0, 300.0)

180.0

(22.5, 352.5)

0.35

0.43

Activity group, n (%)

0.99

0.99

HH

126 (20)

77 (20)

49 (21)

  

HM

105 (17)

64 (16)

41 (18)

  

HL

127 (20)

81 (21)

46 (20)

  

LH

80 (13)

52 (13)

28 (12)

  

LM

97 (15)

62 (16)

35 (15)

  

LL

92 (15)

58 (15)

34 (15)

  
  1. *Values are shown as median (interquartile range) or n (%).
  2. a, bp-values were derived from Wilcoxon rank sum test unless otherwise indicated and were adjusted for multiple testing using False discovery rate correction.
  3. From Pearson’s Chi-squared test.
  4. Adjust = adjusted; BMI = body mass index; HH = high sports activity and high handgrip strength; HM = high sports activity and medium handgrip strength; HL = high sports activity and low handgrip strength; LH = low sports activity and high handgrip strength; LM = low sports activity and medium handgrip strength; LL = low sports activity and low handgrip strength.