Table 6 Detailed description of Tow-Thomas filter circuit composite fault modes.

From: Enhanced analog circuit fault diagnosis via continuous wavelet transform and dual-stream convolutional fusion

Fault type

Fault mode

Nominal value

Tolerance range

Fault value

F11

C1↑C2↑

5 nF, 5 nF

10%, 10%

6.5 nF, 6.5 nF

F12

C1↓C2↓

5 nF, 5 nF

10%, 10%

3.5 nF, 3.5 nF

F13

C2↑R3↑

5 nF, 2 kΩ

10%, 5%

6.5 nF, 2.35 kΩ

F14

C2↓R3↑

5 nF, 2 kΩ

10%, 5%

3.5 nF, 2.35 kΩ

F15

R3↑R5↑

2 kΩ, 2 kΩ

5%, 5%

2.35 kΩ, 2.35 kΩ

F16

R3↑R5↑C1↑

2 kΩ, 2 kΩ, 5 nF

5%, 5%, 10%

2.35 kΩ, 2.35 kΩ, 6.5 nF

F17

R3↑C1↑C2↓

2 kΩ, 5 nF, 5 nF

5%, 10%, 10%

2.35 kΩ, 6.5 nF, 3.5 nF

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