Table 1 Information regarding the exposure parameters and the origin of the devices used in each country.

From: Multinational cross-sectional study and meta-analysis on radicular grooves, C-shaped canals, and taurodontism in mandibular first premolars across 20 countries

Continent

Country

City

CBCT database

Observer

CBCT Model (CBCT Brand)

CBCT Voxel Size

CBCT FOV

Visualization software

Date of CBCT exam acquisition

Europe

Germany

Muenster

Private Clinic

S.B

Planmeca Promax 3D (Planmeca, Helsinki, Finland)

100–160 μm

Large

Planmeca Romexis Viewer 5.0

2018 onwards

South America

Colombia

Medellín

Private Clinic

R.F

Planmeca Promax 3D (Planmeca, Helsinki, Finland)

100 μm

8 × 5 cm

InVivoDental Viewer -Anatomage

2013–2024

South America

Ecuador

Quito

Private Clinic

M.G.I

Orthophos Sl (Sirona)

80 μm

11 × 10 cm

SIDEXIS

2022–2023

Asia

India

Chennai

University clinic

T.S

Care Stream CS 9600

100 μm

8 × 6 cm

CS 3D imaging

2022–2024

Asia

Kazakhstan

Almaty

University Clinic

T.I

Orthophos Xg3 d (Sirona, Germany)

160 μm

8 × 8 cm

Sidexis 4 (Sirona)

2023–2024

Asia

Uzbekistan

Tashkent

Tashkent Institute of Dentistry

B.O

Op 3D Pro

150 μm

8 × 15 cm

KaVO (Germany)

September-December 2023

Europe

Poland

Poznan

Department of Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences

A.L

Ondemand

0.2 × 0.2 mm

6 × 6 cm

OnDemand 3D Dental

June 2023 - February 2024

Europe

Portugal

Coimbra

University Clinic

P.J.P

I-CAT (I-CAT, Hatfield, England)

200 μm

10 × 8 cm

3D Slicer software 5.7.0

2017–2022

Asia

Singapore

Singapore

National Dental Centre Singapore

L.W.Y

Kavo 3D Exam (Kavo Dental Gmbh, Biberach, Germany)

0.2–0.4 mm

5 × 8 cm

OnDemand 3D Dental

2017 onwards

Asia

Yemen

Sana’a

University clinic

A.A.M

Pax-I 3D Green

170 μm

12 × 9 cm

3D Slicer 5.4.0

2018–2022

Europe

Greece

Athens

Private dental imaging centre, Athens, Greece

X.P

Newtom™ Vgi CBCT İmaging Unit (QR Srl, Verona, Italy)

300 μm

15 × 15 cm

NNT v. 3.10 (QR Srl)

2011–2012

Australia

Australia

Sydney

Private Clinic

M.R

X800 Morita

less than 0.125 mm

8 × 8 cm

iDixel version 2.4.0.2

2021–2023

Africa

Egypt

Cairo

University clinic and private ones

A.H

Planmeca

150 μm

8 × 8 cm

Planmeca Romexis Viewer 5.0

2022–2023

Africa

Libya

Benghazi

Private Clinic

S.A.

Care stream CS 8100

150 μm

8 × 9 cm

CS 3D Imaging Light

2022–2023

Europe

Croatia

Zagreb

University clinic

A.I

Planmeca Promax 3 d

100 μm

Large

Planmeca Romexis Viewer 5.0

2021–2024

North America

United States

Jackson, Mississippi

Universityh of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS

R.J

Care Stream 9600

75 μm

16 × 10 cm

InVivo Dental - Anatomage

2022–2023

Africa

South Africa

Pretoria

University clinic

G.D.B

Planmeca Promax 3 d

200 μm

Large

Planmeca Romexis Viewer 5.0

2019–2023

Asia

Syria

Damascus

University clinic

S.A

Scanora™ 3D 2013 (Soredex)

0.2 × 0.2 mm

145 × 130 mm

OnDemand3D

2020–2022

Asia

Jordan

Irbid

Private CBCT centr

N.T

My Ray Hyperion X5

150 μm

6 × 10 cm

CS 3D imaging v3.10.4

June 2021-August 2023

Asia

Turkey

Konya

Necmettin Erbakan University

G.M

Morita 3D Accuitomo 170 (J Morita MFG Corp.)

250 μm

10 × 10 cm, 14 × 10 cm, 17 × 12 cm

iDixel version 2.4.0.2

2018–2023