Table 4 The classification threshold for SDG 15.1.2

From: Spatio-temporal evolution and coupling relationship between biodiversity and urbanization in the areas along the Yellow River of Shandong province

Assessment level

Rank

Score reference

Status of indicator

Optimal level

\({X}_{s}\)≥50%

It basically fulfills the target requirement, and the biodiversity protection work is very good

Second level

50% > \({X}_{s}\)≥30%

There is still a small distance to reach the target, and biodiversity is well protected

Third level

30% > \({X}_{s}\)≥10%

Biodiversity protection work is facing some challenges

Worst level

\({X}_{s}\)<10%

There is a huge challenge to achieve optimal target, and biodiversity protection effort is poor