Table 5 Evaluation system for comprehensive urbanization level.

From: Spatio-temporal evolution and coupling relationship between biodiversity and urbanization in the areas along the Yellow River of Shandong province

Objectives

Dimension

Index

Weight

References

Comprehensive urbanization

Economy urbanization

Per capita GDP (¥)

0.232

29,51,52,53,54

Shares of secondary and tertiary industries (%)

0.106

52

Population urbanization

Urbanization rate of permanent residents (%)

0.201

29,51,52,54

Land urbanization

Proportion of built-up areas in total areas (%)

0.308

52,53

HAILS (%)

0.153

26,27,28,50

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