Table 2 Random effects Meta-Analysis of regression of sense of mastery on childhood predictors.

From: Characterizing the childhood roots of adult sense of mastery across 22 countries in the global flourishing study

Variable

Category

RR

95% CI

Estimated proportion of effects by threshold

I^2

Global

p-value

< 0.90

> 1.10

Relationship with mother

(Ref: Very bad/somewhat bad)

     

0.017*

Very/somewhat good

1.03

(1.01,1.06)

0.00

0.05

56.9

 

Relationship with father

(Ref: Very bad/somewhat bad)

     

0.009*

Very/somewhat good

1.02

(1.00,1.03)

0.00

0.00

41.4

 

Parent marital status

(Ref: Parents married)

     

< 0.001**

No, divorced

0.99

(0.97,1.01)

0.00

0.00

29.5

 

Single, never married

1.01

(0.97,1.05)

0.05

0.14

90.8

 

No, one or both had died

0.98

(0.94,1.01)

0.14

0.05

72.4

 

Subjective financial status of family growing up

(Ref: Got by)

     

< 0.001**

Lived comfortably

1.03

(1.01,1.05)

0.00

0.05

81.3

 

Found it difficult

0.98

(0.97,0.99)

0.00

0.00

19.4

 

Found it very difficult

0.96

(0.93,0.98)

0.05

0.00

42.6

 

Abuse

(Ref: No)

     

< 0.001**

Yes

0.96

(0.94,0.98)

0.10

0.00

79.6

 

Outsider growing up

(Ref: No)

     

< 0.001**

Yes

0.95

(0.93,0.97)

0.09

0.00

63.4

 

Self-rated health growing up

(Ref: Good)

     

< 0.001**

Excellent

1.08

(1.04,1.11)

0.00

0.18

92.4

 

Very good

1.04

(1.02,1.06)

0.00

0.09

77.1

 

Fair

0.94

(0.92,0.97)

0.27

0.00

67.6

 

Poor

0.93

(0.89,0.97)

0.23

0.00

46.5

 

Immigration status

(Ref: Born in this country)

     

< 0.001**

No

1.02

(0.99,1.06)

0.00

0.14

78.4

 

Age 12 religious service attendance

(Ref: Never)

     

< 0.001**

At least 1x/week

1.05

(1.03,1.08)

0.00

0.14

73.9

 

1-3x/month

1.05

(1.01,1.10)

0.00

0.09

90.2

 

Less than 1x/month

1.03

(1.01,1.04)

0.00

0.05

56.7

 

Year of birth

(Ref: 1998–2005; age 18–24)

     

< 0.001**

1993–1998; age 25–29

1.01

(0.99,1.03)

0.00

0.05

63.8

 

1983–1993; age 30–39

1.03

(1.00,1.07)

0.00

0.23

89.0

 

1973–1983; age 40–49

1.03

(0.98,1.07)

0.14

0.23

92.2

 

1963–1973; age 50–59

1.04

(0.99,1.09)

0.18

0.27

93.6

 

1953–1963; age 60–69

1.04

(0.99,1.10)

0.09

0.36

92.1

 

1943–1953; age 70–79

1.05

(0.99,1.12)

0.14

0.32

90.2

 

1943 or earlier; age 80+

1.07

(0.98,1.16)

0.27

0.50

89.8

 

Gender

(Ref: Male)

     

< 0.001**

Female

0.98

(0.97,0.99)

0.00

0.00

60.3

 

Other

0.47

(0.13,1.65)

0.56

0.28

99.9

 
  1. *p < .05; **p < .004 (Bonferroni corrected threshold).