Table 2 The comparative catalytic performance of ZnO/rGO NCs with other photocatalysts.
Sr. No. | Photocatalyst | Synthesis method | Target dye | Photocatalytic efficiency | Light source | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Cu-Zn-Co doped α-Fe₂O₃ | Green synthesis (Azadirachta indica) | Rhodamine Blue (RhB), Malachite Green (MG), Bismarck Brown (BB), and Fluorescein Sodium (FS) | > 90% (RhB, MG, BB, FS) | Visible light | |
2. | Co–Ni-doped TiO2 | polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and Tinospora Cordifolia (T. Cordifolia) for chemical and green encapsulation | Methyl orange (MO) and Methylene blue (MB) | 100% | UV Light | |
3. | TiO2 | Microwave-assisted by Tinospora Cordifolia (TC) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) for chemically and biologically methods | Methyl orange (MO) and Methylene blue (MB) | > 90% (MO, MB) | UV Light | |
4. | ZnO2 and Y-ZnO2 | Green synthesis (Murraya koenigii) | Rhodamine (RhB) dye | > 94% degradation in 120 min | UV light | |
5. | NiFe2O4 | One-pot Mint (Pudina) powder assisted combustion method | Malachite Green (MG) dye | 89.8% at 135 min | UV light | |
6. | Bi-CdFe2O4 | Green synthesis (Tulasi leaf) | Rose Bengal (RB) dye | 98.2% in 135 min | UV light | |
7. | Zr2+-doped MoO3 | Green synthesis (Aegle Marmelos leaves) | Bromophenol Blue dye | 98.7% in 105 min | UV light | |
8. | La-doped CuFe2O4 | Green synthesis (Aegle Marmelos extract) | Fast orange Red dye | 91.7% in 90 min | Sun-light irradiation | |
9. | Ag NPs | Green synthesis (Lagerstroemia speciosa fruit extract) | Rhodamine B and Malachite Green dye | 95% in 15 min | Visible light | |
10. | Ag NPs | Green synthesis (Thunbergia grandiflora leaf extract) | Acid Red 88 and Methylene Blue dye | 89.55% in 17 min | Visible light | |
11. | CoO NPs | Green synthesis (Muntingia calabura leaf extract) | Methylene Blue dye | 88% in 300 min | Sun-light irradiation | |
12. | ZnO nanoflowers | Green synthesis (pod extract of Peltophorum pterocarpum) | Methylene Blue dye | 88.39% in 180 min | Solar-light irradiation | |
13. | Co/Cu-doped α-Fe2O3 | Green synthesis (Azadirachta indica leaf extract) | Methyl orange (MO) and Methylene blue (MB) | > 90% (MO, MB) | Visible light | |
14. | CdFe2O4 | Bio (Tulasi) and Chemical (Urea)-assisted combustion | Rose Bengal dye | 97.8% in 90 min | UV light | |
15. | Cr doped CoO and Yt doped CoO | Green synthesis (Bergera koenigii leaf extract) | Congo red dye | 86.96 and 94.49% in 90 min for Cr doped CoO and Yt doped CoO | UV light | |
16. | CuO/Cu2O-ZnO | Green synthesis (Ipomoea carnea leaf extract) | Methyl orange (MO) and Methylene blue (MB) | > 96% (MO and MB) in 45 min | UV light | |
17. | ZnFe2O4 | Sweet cherry leaf extract | Tetracycline | 94% at 10 mg/L in 180 min | Sunlight | |
18. | ZnO/rGO NCs using Conyza bonariensis | Green hydrothermal synthesis | Congo Red, Methylene Blue, Thymol Blue | > 95% degradation in 90 min (CR) | Visible light | Present Work |
