Table 5 The experimental empirical formula for calculating plasma electron temperature is based on contaminant elements’s concentrations.

From: Calibration-free picosecond LIPS for quantifying heavy metals in soils near Egyptian industrial sites

Element

Te (K), C (ppm)

S1

S2

Cd

Te = 8216.86 + (12.13×C)

Te = 4203.67 + (44.56×C)

Fe

Te = 9118.16 + (0.0 × C)

Te = – 11667.50 + (352.83×C)

Zn

Te = 293.54 + (63.77×C)

Te = 9379.13 + (14.43×C)

Ni

Te = 9118.16 + (0.0×C)

Te = 7628.44 + (16.84×C)

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