Table 9 Performance comparison of the fine-tuned EfficientNet-B0 model with and without stratified splitting.

From: A fine tuned EfficientNet-B0 convolutional neural network for accurate and efficient classification of apple leaf diseases

Class /

metric

With stratified splitting

Without stratified splitting

Precision

Recall

F1 Score

Precision

Recall

F1 Score

Apple Scab

0.98

1.00

0.99

0.47

0.98

0.63

Black Rot

1.00

1.00

1.00

0.94

1.00

0.97

Cedar Apple Rust

1.00

0.96

0.98

1.00

0.48

0.65

Healthy

1.00

1.00

1.00

0.99

0.70

0.82

Macro Avg F1 Score

0.99

0.77

Model-level Accuracy

99.69%

78.93%