Fig. 6
BD mouse model characterization and gene expression analysis. (A) Schematic timeline of α-tropomyosin-induced BD mouse model development, showing injection schedule and experimental endpoints. (B) Line graph showing body weight ratio of BD model mice relative to healthy control mice over 28 days post-induction, with significant weight loss in BD mice starting at day 14. (C) Representative H&E staining images (200× magnification) and corresponding Histological Activity Index (HAI) scores of colorectal tissue and joints from normal and BD model mice. HAI scores range from 0 (healthy) to 8 (severe colitis), with BD mice showing significantly higher scores. (D) Safranin O-Fast Green-stained joint Sect. (200× magnification) from control and BD mice, showing thinner cartilage with unclear boundaries in BD model. (E) Immunohistochemical detection of TNF expression (brown staining, 400× magnification) in joint tissues of control versus BD mice, with quantification of positive cell percentage. (F) Immunohistochemical visualization of TNF expression in colon tissues of control versus BD mice (400× magnification), with significantly increased TNF-positive cells in inflamed regions. (G) qRT-PCR analysis of pro-inflammatory cytokines Tnf, Il-1β, Il-6, and Tgfb1 in blood samples from control and BD mice, showing significant upregulation in BD model. (H) Heatmap showing expression patterns of key inflammation factors in BD patients versus healthy controls from dataset GSE205967. (I) qRT-PCR analysis of Nlrp3 expression in control versus BD mice. (J) Immunohistochemical detection of Nlrp3 protein in colon tissues of control versus BD mice (400× magnification). (K) Expression levels of NLRP3-related inflammatory genes in human BD dataset GSE198533. (L) qRT-PCR validation of candidate diagnostic genes AVPR1 A, NRTN, and PDIA2 in blood samples from control and BD model mice. (M) Expression levels of the five diagnostic genes in human BD dataset GSE198533. Statistical significance: *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001.
