Fig. 2

Topical Application of 17-AAG Influences the Type 2 Immune Response in Mice with AD. (a) H&E- stained skin sections of naïve, vehicle- and 17-AAG-treated mice. Bars = 50 μm. (b) Relative expression of TSLP, IL-5, and IL-6 in the biopsies of mouse back skin, by qPCR. ELISA test results of (c) IgE level in the serum of mice and (d) NF-κB phosphorylation in the biopsies of mouse back skin. (e) Histological skin infiltration, as well as (f) the number of infiltrating leukocytes (CD45⁺), including (g) eosinophils (CD45⁺Siglec-F⁺) and (h) T helper cells (CD45⁺CD4⁺), were assessed in dissociated skin biopsies using flow cytometry. (i) Toluidine blue- stained skin sections of naïve, vehicle- and 17-AAG-treated mice. Bars = 50 μm. (j) Eosinophil proportion (% of WBC) in blood via hematology analyzer. (k) Histamine level in mouse serum, by ELISA. (l) Eosinophil peroxidase (EPX) activity, as measured by OPD assay in the back skin biopsies. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (with individual values) or mean ± SD (in the case of epidermal thickness) of three independent experiments. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001; ns, no significance; H&E, Hematoxylin and Eosin; OPD, o-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride; OD, optical density; WBC, white blood cells; e, epidermis; d, dermis.