Fig. 1
From: Effects of marine heat waves and cold spells on a polar shallow water ecosystem
AWIPEV shallow-water cabled underwater observatory (here, artificially illuminated during a maintenance period in the polar winter of 2021) in front of the “Old Pier” near Ny-Ålesund on the southern coast of the Kongsfjorden ecosystem at 78°54.200 N and 11°54.00 E. The basement of the system is located at a water depth of 12 m and consists of the water inlet of a land-based FerryBox system and a vertical profiling system in which the main essential ocean variables (EOVs), water temperature, salinity, oxygen saturation, chlorophyll A and turbidity, are measured between a water depth of 11 and 0 m year-round together with high-resolution stereoscopic images recorded every 30 min. The vertical profiling unit is shown at the inlet. Photo: Photographed 2022 by Gregory Tran and Max Schwanitz (inset) on behalf of Alfred-Wegener-Institute.
