Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes with intra-amniotic infection, sterile intra-amniotic inflammation, colonization of the amniotic cavity, and negative amniotic fluid.

From: Amniotic and cervical fluids progranulin levels in pregnancies complicated by spontaneous preterm delivery with respect to intra-amniotic complications—a retrospective cohort study

Characteristic

Intra-amniotic infection (n = 15)

Sterile intra-amniotic inflammation (n = 11)

Colonization of the amniotic cavity (n = 20)

Negative amniotic fluid (n = 58)

p-value

Maternal age [years, median (IQR)]

32 (30.36)

36 (29–41)

30 (27–33)

31 (27–35)

0.19

Primiparous [number (%)]

8 (53%)

4 (45%)

7 (35%)

31 (54%)

0.42

Smoking [number (%)]

3 (20%)

1 (9%)

5 (25%)

3 (5%)

0.07

Pre-pregnancy body mass index [kg/m2, median (IQR)]

25.9 (20.7–30.1)

26.7 (21.4–28.9)

24.0 (19.5–27.5)

24.5 (21.2–29.2)

0.67

Gestational age at sampling [weeks + days, median (IQR)]

29 + 3 (26 + 6–30 + 5)

30 + 0 (24 + 0–33 + 4)

33 + 2 (32 + 0–35 + 3)

33 + 2 (30 + 1–35 + 0)

< 0.0001

Gestational age at delivery [weeks + days, median (IQR)]

30 + 4 (27 + 4–32 + 3)

32 + 4 (27 + 1–34 + 0)

34 + 1 (33 + 0–35 + 3)

34 + 1 (32 + 0–35 + 5)

< 0.0001

Latency from PPROM to amniocentesis [hours, median (IQR)]

5 (3–21)

10 (5–16)

4 (2–6)

4 (2–10)

0.11

Latency from PPROM to delivery [hours, median (IQR)]

141 (60–305)

227 (36–536)

42 (12–106)

142 (26–312)

0.02

Amniotic fluid IL-6 levels at admission [ng/mL, median (IQR)]

13.0 (5.7–33.3)

5.6 (3.5–10.5)

1.1 (0.8–1.6)

0.8 (0.4–1.4)

< 0.0001

CRP levels at admission [mg/L, median (IQR)]

10.7 (3.9–21.9)

6.5 (4.7–12.6)

4.6 (2.8–8.1)

4.7 (2.3–8.5)

0.12

WBC count at admission [x109 L, median (IQR)]

11.4 (9.6–14.3)

11.8 (10.7–15.2)

11.4 (9.8–14.7)

12.3 (10.4–14.3)

0.92

Administration of corticosteroids [number (%)]

15 (100%)

10 (91%)

14 (70%)

42 (72%)

0.07

Administration of antibiotics [number (%)]

15 (100%)

10 (91%)

19 (95%)

57 (98%)

0.47

Spontaneous vaginal delivery [number (%)]

11 (73%)

6 (55%)

13 (65%)

43 (74%)

0.56

Cesarean section [number (%)]

4 (27%)

5 (45%)

7 (35%)

15 (26%)

0.56

Birth weight [grams, median (IQR)]

1500 (1100–1890)

1960 (880–2130)

2150 (1685–2445)

2125 (1743–2630)

0.002

Apgar score < 7; 5 min [number (%)]

2 (13%)

1 (9%)

1 (5%)

1 (2%)

0.26

Apgar score < 7; 10 min [number (%)]

1 (7%)

1 (9%)

1 (5%)

1 (2%)

0.59

  1. Continuous variables, presented as median (interquartile range), were compared using a nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test. Categorical variables, presented as number (%), were compared using chi-square test. Statistically significant results are marked in bold.
  2. CRP C-reactive protein, IL interleukin, IQR interquartile range, WBC white blood cells.
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