Table 1 Comparison of existing breast cancer classification methods.

From: An automatic classification of breast cancer using fuzzy scoring based ResNet CNN model

Technique

Dataset used

Accuracy (%)

Feature extraction

Optimization/enhancement

Novelty

SVM + PCA

WBCD

94.2

PCA-based reduction

None

Traditional ML pipeline

CNN

BreakHis

96.1

End-to-end CNN

None

Deep learning approach

Hybrid CNN + GWO

MIAS

97.3

CNN + handcrafted features

GWO

Bio-inspired optimizer

ResNet + GA

WBCD + custom

98

Deep ResNet

Genetic Algorithm

Genetic tuning improves generalization

FS-ResNetCNN + AGWOA

BreakHis + WBCD

98.7

Fuzzy scoring + ResNet

Adaptive GWO

Hybrid fuzzy-deep model with adaptive metaheuristic