Table 5 Model screening and fitting results of regression analysis of environmental factors and lung cancer incidence.

Variable	Males					Females					Overall
Variable	Model	Coefficient	Std. error	Statistic	P	Model	Coefficient	Std. error	Statistic	P	Model	Coefficient	Std. error	Statistic	P
PM2.5	OLS	0.988	0.744	1.329	0.208	OLS	0.248	0.796	0.312	0.760	OLS	0.576	0.719	0.802	0.438
NDVI	OLS	− 130.675	75.132	− 1.739	0.108	OLS	− 163.485	69.858	− 2.340	0.037	OLS	− 142.135	66.179	− 2.148	0.053
Population density	OLS	− 110.862	107.905	− 1.027	0.325	OLS	11.114	112.820	0.099	0.923	SEM	− 56.665	71.633	− 0.791	0.429
Economic density	SEM	− 10.711	6.897	− 1.553	0.120	OLS	3.049	9.820	0.311	0.762	SLM	− 3.694	6.766	− 0.546	0.585
GDPPC	OLS	2.345	1.922	1.221	0.246	OLS	4.002	1.685	2.375	0.035	OLS	3.066	1.667	1.839	0.091
Number of medical beds	OLS	− 0.347	0.131	− 2.642	0.021	OLS	− 0.141	0.161	− 0.878	0.397	SLM	− 0.199	0.103	− 1.936	0.053
Number of Doctors	OLS	− 0.865	0.315	− 2.744	0.018	OLS	− 0.253	0.397	− 0.640	0.534	SLM	− 0.452	0.255	− 1.770	0.077
Urbanization rate	OLS	− 155.652	145.183	− 1.072	0.305	SEM	− 181.985	103.840	− 1.753	0.080	SEM	− 173.908	95.356	− 1.824	0.068
Total grain production	OLS	− 0.024	0.431	− 0.055	0.957	SEM	− 0.313	0.353	− 0.888	0.374	SEM	− 0.412	0.312	− 1.322	0.186
Number of industrial enterprises	OLS	7.052	12.703	0.555	0.589	OLS	8.878	12.644	0.702	0.496	OLS	7.290	11.729	0.622	0.546

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