Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics of sampled residents living within 0.3 miles of an intervention or control park, pre- and post-renovation.
Overall sample | Pre-renovation by group | Post-renovation by group | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pre-renovation N = 890a | Post-renovation N = 330a | p-valueb | Intervention N = 545a | Control N = 345a | p-valueb | Intervention N = 201a | Control N = 129a | p-valueb | |
Sex | 0.300 | 0.120 | 0.400 | ||||||
Female | 715 (81%) | 267 (83%) | 428 (79%) | 287 (83%) | 159 (82%) | 108 (86%) | |||
Male | 172 (19%) | 53 (17%) | 114 (21%) | 58 (17%) | 35 (18%) | 18 (14%) | |||
(Missing) | 3 | 10 | 3 | 0 | 7 | 3 | |||
Age | 38 (12) | 41 (13) | < 0.001 | 38 (13) | 38 (11) | 0.600 | 41 (12) | 42 (14) | 0.800 |
Age category | 0.002 | 0.500 | 0.070 | ||||||
18–34 y | 394 (45%) | 104 (34%) | 241 (45%) | 153 (45%) | 59 (32%) | 45 (37%) | |||
35–49 y | 305 (35%) | 125 (41%) | 179 (34%) | 126 (37%) | 85 (46%) | 40 (33%) | |||
50–78 y | 172 (20%) | 79 (26%) | 110 (21%) | 62 (18%) | 42 (23%) | 37 (30%) | |||
(Missing) | 19 | 22 | 15 | 4 | 15 | 7 | |||
Body mass index (BMI) | 31 (31) | 30 (8) | 0.400 | 31 (40) | 30 (7) | 0.700 | 30 (8) | 30 (7) | 0.800 |
BMI category | 0.077 | 0.060 | 0.400 | ||||||
Healthy (BMI < 25 kg/m2) | 206 (24%) | 89 (30%) | 132 (26%) | 74 (22%) | 58 (33%) | 31 (26%) | |||
Overweight (BMI 25–29 kg/m2) | 269 (32%) | 78 (27%) | 170 (33%) | 99 (29%) | 43 (25%) | 35 (30%) | |||
Obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) | 376 (44%) | 125 (43%) | 209 (41%) | 167 (49%) | 73 (42%) | 52 (44%) | |||
(Missing) | 39 | 38 | 34 | 5 | 27 | 11 | |||
Race/ethnicity | 0.400 | > 0.900 | 0.500 | ||||||
Latino/a | 408 (47%) | 130 (42%) | 247 (47%) | 161 (47%) | 74 (40%) | 56 (46%) | |||
Non-Latino/a Black | 326 (37%) | 123 (40%) | 198 (38%) | 128 (37%) | 79 (43%) | 44 (36%) | |||
Other or multiracial | 136 (16%) | 53 (17%) | 83 (16%) | 53 (15%) | 32 (17%) | 21 (17%) | |||
(Missing) | 20 | 24 | 17 | 3 | 16 | 8 | |||
Annual household income | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.082 | ||||||
$20,000 or more | 410 (49%) | 131 (45%) | 258 (50%) | 152 (47%) | 85 (50%) | 46 (39%) | |||
Less than $20,000 | 426 (51%) | 157 (55%) | 253 (50%) | 173 (53%) | 86 (50%) | 71 (61%) | |||
(Missing) | 54 | 42 | 34 | 20 | 30 | 12 | |||
Education | 0.700 | 0.500 | 0.800 | ||||||
High school graduate or less | 432 (50%) | 134 (49%) | 266 (51%) | 166 (48%) | 76 (48%) | 58 (50%) | |||
Some college or more | 435 (50%) | 142 (51%) | 258 (49%) | 177 (52%) | 83 (52%) | 59 (50%) | |||
(Missing) | 23 | 54 | 21 | 2 | 42 | 12 | |||
Employment status | 0.300 | 0.200 | 0.140 | ||||||
Employed or self-employed | 453 (51%) | 157 (48%) | 268 (50%) | 185 (54%) | 102 (51%) | 55 (43%) | |||
Not employed | 429 (49%) | 172 (52%) | 272 (50%) | 157 (46%) | 98 (49%) | 74 (57%) | |||
(Missing) | 8 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 0 | |||
Public housing | 0.600 | < 0.001 | 0.049 | ||||||
Non-NYCHA resident | 447 (50%) | 157 (49%) | 299 (55%) | 148 (43%) | 104 (53%) | 53 (42%) | |||
NYCHA resident | 440 (50%) | 164 (51%) | 243 (45%) | 197 (57%) | 91 (47%) | 73 (58%) | |||
(Missing) | 3 | 9 | 3 | 0 | 6 | 3 | |||
Marital status | 0.600 | 0.032 | 0.900 | ||||||
Never married | 446 (50%) | 175 (53%) | 283 (52%) | 163 (48%) | 107 (54%) | 68 (53%) | |||
Married | 265 (30%) | 89 (27%) | 145 (27%) | 120 (35%) | 55 (28%) | 34 (26%) | |||
Divorced, separated, or widowed | 173 (20%) | 64 (20%) | 113 (21%) | 60 (17%) | 37 (19%) | 27 (21%) | |||
(Missing) | 6 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | |||
Children in household | 0.400 | 0.002 | 0.400 | ||||||
No children | 190 (22%) | 79 (24%) | 135 (25%) | 55 (16%) | 45 (22%) | 34 (27%) | |||
One or more children | 686 (78%) | 250 (76%) | 402 (75%) | 284 (84%) | 156 (78%) | 94 (73%) | |||
(Missing) | 14 | 1 | 8 | 6 | 0 | 1 | |||
