Fig. 5
Toxicity results of Barleria extracts, barlerin and verbascoside on THLE-3 after 48 h treatment. (A) the comparison of percentage cell viability in each condition normalized by DMSO showing low percentage cell viability in B. strigosa extract and cisplatin; n = 3; (B) the comet images indicating DNA damage by showing their OTM values in each condition; n = 150; (C) the dot plot of single cell to indicate apoptosis and comparing bar chart of the percentage of apoptosis in each condition; n = 3; (D) the histogram of cell cycle showing DNA content in peak in subG1, G1, S, and G2‐M phases and comparing bar chart of percentage DNA content; n = 3; (E) the bubble plot to show percentage relative cytochrome P450 gene expression in THLE‐3 normalized by β‐actin as a reference gene; n = 3; (F) a summarized schematic presenting the biological activities of B. siamensis extract containing barlerin and verbascoside acting as an immunomodulator to activate PBMCs against PC‐3 and the effect to cytochrome P450 gene expression in THLE‐3.
