Fig. 5

The average modulation transfer function (MTFa) value of the studied intraocular lenses is presented in the upper panel and simulated visual acuity (simVA) is presented in the lower panel as measured at the defocus range from + 1D to − 2.5D at the spectacle plane. The dotted lines show the values of each lens separately; the solid lines refer to the average of two samples. Both models demonstrate their EDoF characteristics, with PureSee containing a higher primary peak and Clareon Vivity having a higher performance in the intermediate focus value of − 1D in both pupil sizes. Pupil size increase resulted in a narrow depth-of-focus extension of the primary peak for both models.