Fig. 1

Cytokine overexpression, kidney dysfunction, dyslipidemia, and malnutrition in DFU and DM patients. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.001. IL, interleukin; IFN, interferon; TNF, tumor necrosis factor. Compared with the DM patients, the prevalences of malnutrition, dyslipidemia, and kidney dysfunction were higher in DFU patients. Of seven overexpressed cytokines, the DFU patients had higher overexpression rates of IL6 and IL17.