Table 1 Basic information and laboratory test data of the participants.

From: Distinct cytokine profiles associated with malnutrition, dyslipidemia and kidney dysfunction in patients with diabetic foot ulcer

Item

HC (n = 51)

DM (n = 53)

DFU (n = 85)

χ2 / F / z

P

Male/female (n/n) *

32/19

28/25

61/24

5.130

0.077

Age (years old)

58.4 ± 11.4

55.4 ± 11.4

59.0 ± 11.3

1.740

0.178

TP (g/L)

71.11 ± 3.57

64.13 ± 6.61a

67.98 ± 8.31a, b

13.620

< 0.001

Alb (g/L)

44.43 ± 3.05

35.83 ± 5.29a

35.95 ± 5.40a

57.655

< 0.001

Ure (mmol/L)

5.21 ± 1.41

7.39 ± 2.10a

8.54 ± 2.79a, b

33.640

< 0.001

Cre (µmol/L)

63.3 ± 15.2

105.2 ± 21.6

108.0 ± 88.5a, b

9.534

< 0.001

CysC (mg/L)

0.94 ± 0.14

0.91 ± 0.15

1.57 ± 1.35a, b

11.573

0.001

GFR (ml/min/1.73m2)

91.9 ± 13.7

106.4 ± 21.9a

64.1 ± 23.8a, b

155.622

< 0.001

T-Chol (mmol/L)

4.09 ± 0.74

4.24 ± 0.94

5.08 ± 1.89a, b

9.677

< 0.001

TG (mmol/L)

0.99 ± 0.33

1.70 ± 0.92a

2.29 ± 1.15a, b

31.324

< 0.001

HDL-Chol (mmol/L)

1.50 ± 0.35

1.07 ± 0.19a

1.11 ± 0.40a

26.270

0.001

LDL-Chol (mmol/L)

2.45 ± 0.99

2.74 ± 0.89

3.04 ± 1.61a

3.408

< 0.001

Glu (mmol/L)

5.03 ± 0.53

6.19 ± 2.63a

7.53 ± 2.23a, b

24.092

< 0.001

HbA1c (%)

5.6 ± 0.3

8.2 ± 2.5a

9.0 ± 1.7a

2.613

0.019

IL1β (ng/L)

1.16 (0.96, 2.22)

1.76 (0.80, 2.18)

1.93 (1.01, 3.10)

3.101

0.212

IL2 (ng/L)

2.85 (2.18, 3.34)

1.91 (0.43, 3.41)a

0.76 (0.45, 1.29)a, b

68.046

< 0.001

IL4 (ng/L)

2.15 (1.64, 2.46)

1.39 (0.56, 2.64)a

0.80 (0.55, 1.66)a

25.540

< 0.001

IL5 (ng/L)

0.78 (0.67, 0.97)

0.99 (0.26, 1.27)

0.58 (0.46, 1.22)

4.437

0.109

IL6 (ng/L)

2.98 (2.25, 3.66)

9.04 (4.19, 28.74)a

30.41 (7.88, 64.85)a, b

80.481

< 0.001

IL8 (ng/L)

11.01 (8.03, 15.53)

16.94 (9.33, 20.40)a

22.40 (15.89, 33.26)a, b

61.248

< 0.001

IL10 (ng/L)

3.76 (2.66, 4.15)

4.95 (3.54, 8.34)a

2.56 (1.41, 3.37)a, b

59.514

< 0.001

IL12P70 (ng/L)

2.49 (1.77, 2.76)

2.15 (1.01, 3.04)

1.50 (0.58, 2.11)a

11.433

0.003

IL17 (ng/L)

9.43 (5.68, 10.97)

6.51 (2.00, 9.96)a

4.56 (2.00, 8.55)a, b

16.092

< 0.001

IFNα (ng/L)

0.87 (0.39, 1.40)

1.24 (0.54, 1.24)

0.75 (0.55, 1.37)

0.430

0.806

IFNγ (ng/L)

1.37 (0.64, 2.17)

1.65 (1.00, 2.75)

1.45 (0.78, 2.25)

2.217

0.330

TNFα (ng/L)

2.67 (2.12, 3.52)

1.63 (0.78, 4.11)a

1.22 (0.78, 2.14)a

25.051

< 0.001

NLR (arbitrary unit)

2.12 (1.53, 2.88)

2.78 (1.82, 2.78)a

2.82 (1.95, 4.20)a

11.162

0.004

LMR (arbitrary unit)

3.86 (2.76, 4.96)

3.35 (1.98, 4.59)

3.48 (1.98, 4.67)

3.686

0.158

PLR (arbitrary unit)

120 (89, 150)

184 (113, 292)a

163 (106, 233)a

21.730

< 0.001

SII (arbitrary unit)

363 (280, 639)

571 (406, 1130)a

695 (366, 1439)a

20.591

< 0.001

PNI (arbitrary unit)

33.59 (27.28, 40.80)

39.72 (35.71, 43.62)a

43.46 (33.21, 48.74)a

47.961

< 0.001

  1. * The count data used the chi-square test; the else continuous data used the one-way ANOVA (normality) or the independent-samples Kruskal-Wallis test (non-normality), the pairwise comparison used the Bonferroni correction. a vs. HC, P < 0.05; b vs. DM, P < 0.05.