Table 1 Characteristics of heart failure patients with varying levels of GLR.

From: Association between glucose-to-lymphocyte ratio and mortality in patients with heart failure from the MIMIC-IV database: a retrospective cohort study

Variables

Total (n = 14417)

Low GLR (n = 7208)

High GLR (n = 7209)

P

Age, years, Mean ± SD

72.77 ± 13.56

71.98 ± 14.03

73.55 ± 13.02

< 0.001

Gender, n (%)

   

0.280

Male

8037 (55.75)

3986 (49.60)

4051 (50.40)

 

Female

6380 (44.25)

3222 (50.50)

3158 (49.50)

 

Weight, kg, M (Q1, Q3)

80.00 (66.40, 95.45)

80.38 (67.00, 96.08)

79.50 (66.00, 94.87)

0.011

HR, bpm, M (Q1, Q3)

82.74 (73.08, 95.04)

81.69 (72.66, 93.34)

84.00 (73.40, 96.69)

< 0.001

SBP, mmHg, M (Q1, Q3)

112.86 (103.93, 124.90)

112.38 (103.89, 123.30)

113.44 (103.96, 126.22)

< 0.001

DBP, mmHg, M (Q1, Q3)

60.52 (54.08, 68.20)

60.25 (53.96, 68.00)

60.82 (54.19, 68.38)

0.085

MBP, mmHg, M (Q1, Q3)

75.21 (69.29, 82.46)

75.09 (69.26, 82.08)

75.33 (69.30, 82.87)

0.262

RR, bpm, M (Q1, Q3)

19.61 (17.35, 22.38)

19.26 (17.14, 21.88)

19.96 (17.62, 22.84)

< 0.001

Spo2, %, Mean ± SD

96.49 ± 2.50

96.65 ± 2.39

96.32 ± 2.60

< 0.001

SOFA scores, M (Q1, Q3)

5.00 (3.00, 7.00)

5.00 (3.00, 7.00)

5.00 (3.00, 8.00)

< 0.001

RBC, K/µL, M (Q1, Q3)

3.50 (3.01, 3.90)

3.50 (3.07, 3.93)

3.45 (2.95, 3.86)

< 0.001

RDW, %, M (Q1, Q3)

15.70 (14.30, 16.90)

15.50 (14.10, 16.60)

15.80 (14.40, 17.20)

< 0.001

Hematocrit, %, M (Q1, Q3)

33.90 (29.70, 38.80)

34.30 (30.30, 39.00)

33.60 (29.10, 38.50)

< 0.001

Hemoglobin, g/dL, M (Q1, Q3)

10.90 (9.40, 12.50)

11.00 (9.70, 12.60)

10.70 (9.20, 12.40)

< 0.001

WBC, K/µL, M (Q1, Q3)

12.70 (9.00, 17.70)

13.30 (9.50, 18.50)

12.00 (8.50, 16.90)

< 0.001

Neutrophils, K/µL, M (Q1, Q3)

8.99 (6.02, 13.30)

8.84 (5.96, 13.08)

9.13 (6.11, 13.54)

0.014

Monocytes, K/µL, M (Q1, Q3)

0.60 (0.37, 0.92)

0.65 (0.42, 0.97)

0.55 (0.33, 0.87)

< 0.001

Platelet, K/µL, M (Q1, Q3)

214.00 (158.00, 283.00)

217.00 (162.00, 287.00)

209.00 (154.00, 279.00)

< 0.001

Creatinine, mg/dL, M (Q1, Q3)

1.50 (1.00, 2.40)

1.30 (0.90, 2.10)

1.70 (1.10, 2.80)

< 0.001

Bicarbonate, mmol/L, M (Q1, Q3)

25.00 (22.00, 28.00)

25.00 (22.00, 28.00)

25.00 (22.00, 28.00)

0.040

BUN, mmol/L, M (Q1, Q3)

32.00 (21.00, 51.00)

27.00 (18.00, 44.00)

37.00 (24.00, 58.00)

< 0.001

Sodium, mmol/L, M (Q1, Q3)

140.00 (137.00, 142.00)

140.00 (137.00, 142.00)

140.00 (136.00, 143.00)

< 0.001

Potassium, mmol/L, M (Q1, Q3)

4.60 (4.20, 5.30)

4.60 (4.20, 5.10)

4.70 (4.20, 5.40)

< 0.001

Calcium, mmol/L, M (Q1, Q3)

8.70 (8.30, 9.20)

8.70 (8.30, 9.20)

8.70 (8.20, 9.20)

0.024

Anion gap, mmol/L, M (Q1, Q3)

16.00 (14.00, 20.00)

16.00 (13.00, 19.00)

17.00 (15.00, 21.00)

< 0.001

Myocardial infarction, n (%)

   

0.005

NO

9824 (68.14)

4990 (69.23)

4834 (67.06)

 

Yes

4593 (31.86)

2218 (30.77)

2375 (32.94)

 

Hypertension, n (%)

   

< 0.001

NO

11,278 (78.23)

5497 (76.26)

5781 (80.19)

 

Yes

3139 (21.77)

1711 (23.74)

1428 (19.81)

 

Atrial fibrillation, n (%)

   

0.006

NO

7014 (48.65)

3590 (49.81)

3424 (47.50)

 

Yes

7403 (51.35)

3618 (50.19)

3785 (52.50)

 

Cerebrovascular disease, n (%)

   

0.007

NO

12,519 (86.83)

6204 (86.07)

6315 (87.60)

 

Yes

1898 (13.17)

1004 (13.93)

894 (12.40)

 

Diabetes, n (%)

   

< 0.001

No

8021 (55.64)

4607 (63.92)

3414 (47.36)

 

Yes

6396 (44.36)

2601 (36.08)

3795 (52.64)

 

Renal disease, n (%)

   

< 0.001

NO

8102 (56.20)

4438 (61.57)

3664 (50.83)

 

Yes

6315 (43.80)

2770 (38.43)

3545 (49.17)

 

Beta blocker, n (%)

   

< 0.001

NO

3292 (22.83)

1471 (20.41)

1821 (25.26)

 

Yes

11,125 (77.17)

5737 (79.59)

5388 (74.74)

 

ACEI/ARB/ARNI, n (%)

   

< 0.001

NO

8979 (62.28)

4246 (58.91)

4733 (65.65)

 

Yes

5438 (37.72)

2962 (41.09)

2476 (34.35)

 

CCB, n (%)

   

0.039

NO

10,178 (70.60)

5145 (71.38)

5033 (69.82)

 

Yes

4239 (29.40)

2063 (28.62)

2176 (30.18)

 

Diuretics, n (%)

   

0.857

NO

2981 (20.68)

1486 (20.62)

1495 (20.74)

 

Yes

11,436 (79.32)

5722 (79.38)

5714 (79.26)

 

Antidiabetics, n (%)

   

< 0.001

NO

3283 (22.77)

1851 (25.68)

1432 (19.86)

 

Yes

11,134 (77.23)

5357 (74.32)

5777 (80.14)

 

Epinephrine, n (%)

   

< 0.001

NO

8908 (61.79)

4573 (63.44)

4335 (60.13)

 

Yes

5509 (38.21)

2635 (36.56)

2874 (39.87)

 

LOS hospital, day, M (Q1, Q3)

8.12 (4.92, 13.92)

7.88 (4.85, 13.37)

8.60 (5.00, 14.62)

< 0.001

LOS ICU, day, M (Q1, Q3)

2.34 (1.27, 4.67)

2.23 (1.24, 4.22)

2.54 (1.33, 5.09)

< 0.001

30-day mortality, n (%)

   

< 0.001

NO

11,499 (79.76)

6139 (85.17)

5359 (74.33)

 

Yes

2918 (20.24)

1069 (14.83)

1850 (25.67)

 

365-day mortality, n (%)

   

< 0.001

NO

8505 (58.99)

4829 (67.00)

3675 (50.98)

 

Yes

5912 (41.01)

2379 (33.00)

3534 (49.02)

 
  1. SD standard deviation, M median, Q1 1 st quartile, Q3 3 st quartile, HR heart rate, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, MBP mean blood pressure, RR respiratory rate, SOFA sequential organ failure assessment, CCI charlson comorbidity index, RBC red blood cell, RDW red cell distribution width, WBC white blood cell, BUN blood urea nitrogen, LOS length of stay, ICU intensive care unit, ACEI angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB angiotensin II receptor blockers, ARNI angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor, CCB calcium channel blockers.
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