Table 3 Percentage of difference in LIV peak values at 500 m from the midpoint of the TL using three soil models at different v, as calculated from Eq. (31).

From: The impact of ground losses on estimations of lightning-induced voltage with dispersive soil parameters

Velocity (m/µs)

Soil model

NFD (%)

FDAlipio-Visacro Model

FDSmith-Longmire Model

Figures

40

6.5

5.8

6.5

9b

120

3.6

3.34

3.82

10b

200

0.35

2.13

2.3

11b