Table 1 Social-demographic and clinical characteristics of participants before and after PSM.

From: Alexithymia and self-injury functions as mediators between childhood maltreatment and nonsuicidal self-injury in adolescents with major depressive disorder

Variables

Before PSM

χ2/T/Z

P

After PSM

χ2/T/Z

P

Total(n = 368)

Health(n = 123)

MDD(n = 245)

Total(n = 267)

Health(n = 101)

MDD(n = 166)

Female

230(62.5)

51(41.5)

179(73.1)

34.884

< 0.001*

151(56.6)

51(50.5)

100(60.2)

2.427

0.119

Age(years)

15.10 ± 1.74

14.81 ± 1.79

15.25 ± 1.70

−2.281

0.023*

15.19 ± 1.77

15.10 ± 1.78

15,25 ± 1.76

−0.663

0.508

Education

3.71 ± 1.79

3.73 ± 1.72

3.70 ± 1.82

−0.358

0.720

3.85 ± 1.78

4.02 ± 1.63

3.74 ± 1.86

−1.533

0.125

BMI (kg/m2)

20.97 ± 3.94

21.02 ± 4.05

20.94 ± 3.90

0.171

0.864

21.13 ± 4.19

21.13 ± 4.08

21.13 ± 4.27

0.000

1.000

CESD

47.57 ± 17.43

29.40 ± 8.90

56.69 ± 12.94

−21.021

< 0.001*

45.79 ± 17.40

29.12 ± 8.17

55.94 ± 13.19

−18.401

< 0.001*

CTQ

201(54.6)

22(17.9)

179(73.1)

100.575

< 0.001*

166(62.2)

36(35.6)

130(78.3)

48.613

< 0.001*

EA

9.63 ± 4.55

6.63 ± 2.19

11.14 ± 4.68

−9.614

< 0.001*

9.06 ± 4.37

6.49 ± 1.92

10.63 ± 4.69

−7.969

< 0.001*

PA

6.75 ± 2.91

5.50 ± 1.64

7.37 ± 3.19

−7.895

< 0.001*

6.68 ± 3.01

5.36 ± 1.21

7.48 ± 3.46

−7.440

< 0.001*

SA

5.61 ± 1.98

5.21 ± 0.94

5.81 ± 2.17

−4.117

< 0.001*

5.48 ± 1.56

5.19 ± 0.86

5.66 ± 1.84

−3.416

0.001*

EN

13.92 ± 5.55

10.11 ± 4.20

15.77 ± 5.07

−9.461

< 0.001*

13.52 ± 5.26

10.19 ± 4.09

15.54 ± 4.88

−8.194

< 0.001*

PN

9.83 ± 3.55

8.12 ± 3.22

10.69 ± 3.40

−6.953

< 0.001*

9.57 ± 3.43

8.14 ± 3.17

10.45 ± 3.30

−5.590

< 0.001*

TAS

238(64.7)

48(39.0)

190(77.6)

53.201

< 0.001*

170(63.7)

42(41.6)

128(77.1)

34.259

< 0.001*

DIF

22.94 ± 7.11

17.26 ± 6.29

25.80 ± 5.64

−13.177

< 0.001*

22.31 ± 6.93

17.31 ± 6.17

25.37 ± 5.43

−11.15

< 0.001*

DDF

16.01 ± 3.25

14.30 ± 3.51

16.87 ± 2.74

−7.029

< 0.001*

15.86 ± 3.24

14.35 ± 3.57

16.79 ± 2.63

−5.88

< 0.001*

EOT

25.14 ± 4.61

25.12 ± 5.33

25.14 ± 4.21

−1.047

0.295

25.24 ± 4.86

25.15 ± 5.57

25.3 ± 4.39

−0.241

0.81

FASM

          

ERG

5.88 ± 5.50

1.40 ± 3.18

8.13 ± 5.03

−11.103

< 0.001*

5.12 ± 5.33

1.31 ± 3.24

7.43 ± 5.02

−9.317

< 0.001*

ASG

4.72 ± 5.44

1.61 ± 3.65

6.29 ± 5.52

−8.847

< 0.001*

4.33 ± 5.39

1.52 ± 3.8

6.04 ± 5.5

−7.771

< 0.001*

SAE

4.22 ± 4.43

1.07 ± 2.52

5.80 ± 4.34

−9.872

< 0.001*

3.82 ± 4.35

1.02 ± 2.65

5.52 ± 4.31

−8.483

< 0.001*

DSHI

9.20 ± 11.50

1.48 ± 4.78

13.08 ± 11.95

−11.250

< 0.001*

7.96 ± 10.7

1.31 ± 4.3

12.01 ± 11.4

−9.716

< 0.001*

NSSI

176(47.8)

10(8.1)

166(67.8)

116.671

< 0.001*

116(43.4)

8(7.9)

108(65.1)

83.441

< 0.001*

  1. Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation or number (%); *P < 0.05; †Mann-Whitney U-test; PSM, Propensity Score Matching; BMI, body mass index; CESD, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; CTQ, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire; SA, sexual abuse; EA, emotional abuse; PA, physical abuse; EN, emotional neglect; PN, Physical neglect; TAS, Toronto Alexithymia Scale; DIF, Difficulty Identifying Feelings; DDF, Difficulty Describing Feelings; EOT, Externally-Oriented Thinking; FASM, Functional Assessment of Self-Mutilation; ERG, emotion regulation; ASG, attention seeking; SAE, social avoidance; DSHI, Deliberate Self-Harm Behavior Inventory.