Table 3 Extended multi-peak and hybrid composite problem functions.
From: IWOA-LSTM based intrinsic structural identification of steel fiber concrete
Function | D | Search space | \(\it \:{\text{f}}_{\text{m}\text{i}\text{n}}\) |
---|---|---|---|
\(\:{f}_{13}\left(x\right)={\sum\:}_{i=1}^{n}u\left({x}_{i},\text{5,100,4}\right)+\)\(\:0.1\left\{{{sin}}^{2}(3\pi\:{x}_{1}\right)+{\sum\:}_{i=1}^{n-1}{\left({x}_{i}-1\right)}^{2}[1+{{sin}}^{2}(3\pi\:{x}_{i+1})]+({x}_{n}-1{)}^{2}[1+{{sin}}^{2}(2\pi\:{x}_{n})\left]\right\}\) | 30 | \(\:{\left[-\text{50,50}\right]}^{D}\) | 0 |
\(\:{f}_{15}\left(x\right)={{\sum\:}_{i=1}^{11}\left[{a}_{i}-\frac{{x}_{i}\left({{b}_{i}}^{2}+{b}_{i}{x}_{2}\right)}{{{b}_{i}}^{2}+{b}_{i}{x}_{3}+{x}_{4}}\right]}^{2}\) | 4 | \(\:{\left[-\text{5,5}\right]}^{D}\) | 0.0003 |
\(\:{f}_{p}\left(x\right)=-{\sum\:}_{i=1}^{q}{\left[\left(x-{a}_{i}\right){\left(x-{a}_{i}\right)}^{T}+{c}_{i}\right]}^{-1}\) | 4 | [0,10]D | O |