Fig. 2

Plant Extract reduced number of extra- and intracellular S. aureus in NHEKs. NHEKs were treated for 2 h with S. aureus (strain 178 P21) with and without the plant extract. NHEKs were also preincubated for 24 h with the plant extract for determination of preventive effects. After 2 h (a) extracellular (b) strongly attached and (c) intracellular bacteria were plated on TSB-agar and CFUs were counted after incubation for 24 h at 37 °C. (d) For determination of total CFUs, the number of extracellular, strongly attached and intracellular bacteria were combined (n = 27). For a better comparison, the values for stimulation without extract in the different experiments were set as 100%. Bars indicate mean + SEM. Statistical significance was determined using One-way ANOVA with subsequent Bonferroni’s Multiple Comparison Test (n = 9, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001; ns = not significant).