Fig. 1

Astrocytes of CA3 and S1 are highly activated during SE of hippocampal origin in the sham + KA group. (a) Scheme of experiments for calcium fiber photometry recordings of CA3 and S1 astrocytes and a representative sagittal image of jGCaMP7f. expression in the CA3 and S1. CA3, Scale bar, Left, 500 μm. Right, 100 μm. S1, Scale bar, Left, 500 μm. Right, 100 μm. (b) A representative sagittal image of jGCaMP7f. expression in the CA3 and S1 and overlap with S100B⁺. Scale bar, 10 μm. (c) WES driver and current testing. (d) Timeline of calcium signals collection. (e) Mice still exhibited SE after WES implantation. RS = Racine’s score. (f) Representative baseline calcium signals (ΔF/F) of the CA3 and S1 astrocytes. (g) Representative calcium signals (ΔF/F) of CA3 and S1 astrocytes 90 min after KA i.p.. Gray shading indicates GSs. The horizontal dashed line represents the baseline level of CA3 and S1 calcium signals. The vertical dashed line indicates the onset and offset of the initial baseline-rising phase in S1. Unidirectional dashed arrow represents the onset and offset of baseline-rising in S1. Bidirectional solid arrows represent the amplitude of AHP-like event in CA3. (h) Magnified views of wave calcium signals (ΔF/F) corresponding to GSs and corresponding heatmaps. The vertical dashed line indicates the onset and offset of GS. (i) Average wave calcium signals (ΔF/F) corresponding to GSs and corresponding heatmaps (n = 17 trials in 5 mice). (j) The duration of the initial baseline-rising phase in S1. (k) Calcium signals (ΔF/F) of CA3 and S1 astrocytes during the first GS. (l) Highly synchronized calcium signals (ΔF/F) of CA3 and S1 astrocytes during the first GS. (m) The incidence of GS with synchronized astrocytic calcium signals (ΔF/F) between CA3 and S1.