Table 2 Different types of music ICH.

Traditional opera music

Beijing Opera, Sichuan Opera, Kunqu Opera

These music forms usually have a profound cultural heritage, but face the problem of a lack of interest among young people. Traditional Chinese opera attracts specific groups with its unique performance forms and music styles, but its dissemination on social platforms faces significant intergenerational barriers.

Folk music

Yangqin, Dongguan folk songs, Tujia folk songs

These music pieces have distinct local characteristics and are often passed down through word of mouth, but due to geographical limitations, their popularity is relatively low. The challenge is how to break through geographical barriers and expand the dissemination through digital platforms.

Religious and ceremonial music

Buddhist music, Taoist music, sacrificial music

Religious and ceremonial music typically have strong ritualistic and cultural connotations, but their target audience is more specific. How to attract a wider user base, especially young people, through social platforms is the challenge faced by this kind of music.

Folk and grassroots music

Ethnic folk songs and street music

These music often originate from daily life and grassroots culture, with highly localized characteristics. They are popular among specific groups, but difficult to break through limitations, especially with low exposure on mainstream media platforms.

Modern music adaptation

Contemporary ethnic music and fusion works

The integration of traditional music elements with modern pop music is innovative and easily attracts young audiences, but maintaining a balance between traditional characteristics and modernity remains a major challenge in promotion.