Table 1 In-life and histopathological assessments of toxicity following single intravitreal injection of felodipine in rabbits.

From: Felodipine re-positioned as a neuroprotectant via improved optic nerve head blood circulation in retinal ischemic rabbits and ocular hypertensive rats

Group

Vehicle

Felodipine

(7.8 nmol/eye)

Felodipine

(78 nmol/eye)

Felodipine

(780 nmol/eye)

Animals (eyes)

3 animals (6 eyes)

3 animals (6 eyes)

3 animals (6 eyes)

3 animals (6 eyes)

Clinical signs

-

-

1 to 6 h a): Lacrimation 1/3, right eye

-

Body weight

-

-

-

-

Slit lamp examination

Eye

Right

Left

Right

Left

Right

Left

Right

Left

Day 1–4 h a)

-

-

-

PCO⁑1/3

Floater#

3/3

Floater#

1/3

TA 3/3

TA 3/3

Day 2

-

-

-

PCO⁑1/3

-

-

TA 2/3

TA 3/3

Day 7

-

-

-

PCO⁑1/3

-

-

TA 3/3

TA 3/3

Fundus examination

Day 1–4 h a)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Day 2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Day 7

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Histopathology

Granuloma/injection site b)

0/1c)

0/3 c)

0/1 c)

±: 1/1c)

  1. TA: Test article; PCO: Posterior capsular opacity. ±: Very slight, -: No specific findings. #Diffused drug particles ⁑: caused by intravitreal injection procedure. (a) Time after intravitreal injection; (b) foreign body reaction; (c) number of findings of granuloma/injection site on the eyeballs in which the location of the administration needle puncture could be seen on the section slide. The lacrimation was unrelated to the drug. The floaters were not toxic because they appeared to be aggregated drug particles that diffused from a depot of the injected test article during the in-life examination. Granuloma at the injection sites was a foreign body reaction but was not considered to be drug-related toxicity.