Fig. 1

Overview of the study cohort. (a) The figure presents data from 20 patients included in the study, detailing their gender, age, presence of sepsis or septic shock, and ICU length of stay until death. It also illustrates the timeline of simultaneous oropharyngeal (OS) and rectal swab collections (RS), distinguishing between postadmission (PA) and antemortem (AM) samples to track changes throughout their ICU stay and near the time of death. (b) Boxplot illustrates the age of patients based on gender, with an asterisk indicating the mean age (years) of each group. (c) Bar plot shows the number of patients without and with sepsis.