Table 1 Initial soil fertility status.

From: Polyhalite as an alternate nutrient source for improving growth, yield, and nutrient use efficiency in onion and garlic

Soil parameters

Method

Onion

Garlic

pH

1:2 Soil water ratio

7.87 ± 0.47

7.78 ± 0.50

Soil organic carbon (g kg–1)

Wet oxidation method

0.72 ± 0.11

0.65 ± 0.05

EC (dS m–1)

1:2 Soil water ratio

0.13 ± 0.05

0.14 ± 0.04

Available N (mg kg–1)

Alkaline permanganate method

61.6 ± 6.11

71.1 ± 2.64

Available P (mg kg–1)

Olsen’s method

14.3 ± 5.19

14.9 ± 6.00

Available K (mg kg–1)

1 N Ammonium acetate method

237.9 ± 44.78

286.0 ± 20.80

Available S (mg kg–1)

0.12% CaCl2 extraction method

8.2 ± 0.51

9.4 ± 0.28

Exchangeable Ca (Cmol (p+) kg–1)

EDTA method

2.79 ± 0.03

2.71 ± 0.10

Exchangeable Mg (Cmol (p+) kg–1)

EDTA method

0.75 ± 0.00

0.82 ± 0.01

Available B (mg kg–1)

Hot water extraction method

1.16 ± 0.05

1.26 ± 0.05

Available Cu (mg kg–1)

DTPA method

3.12 ± 0.42

3.17 ± 0.16

Available Fe (mg kg–1)

DTPA method

3.53 ± 0.56

3.84 ± 0.12

Available Mn (mg kg–1)

DTPA method

5.82 ± 2.36

5.52 ± 2.04

Available Zn (mg kg–1)

DTPA method

0.89 ± 0.26

0.87 ± 0.07

  1. Initial soil fertility status values are the mean with standard error from two years of data (2022–2023 and 2023–2024).