Table 12 Results of each version of YOLOv12 on evaluation set (1,438 images).

Model	Class	Precision	Recall	mAP@50	mAP@50:95	Speed (ms)	Training time (hours)
YOLOv12n	Late blight	0.854	0.840	0.900	0.598	1.5	0.640
	Leaf miner	0.846	0.666	0.785	0.506
	Magnesium deficiency	0.869	0.854	0.903	0.656
	Nitrogen deficiency	0.847	0.761	0.843	0.612
	Potassium deficiency	0.871	0.825	0.882	0.656
	Spotted wilt virus	0.873	0.793	0.871	0.595
	All	0.860	0.790	0.864	0.604
YOLOv12s	Late blight	0.876	0.875	0.905	0.648	3.2	0.795
	Leaf miner	0.881	0.752	0.847	0.589
	Magnesium deficiency	0.910	0.870	0.920	0.721
	Nitrogen deficiency	0.890	0.799	0.875	0.675
	Potassium deficiency	0.923	0.838	0.865	0.706
	Spotted wilt virus	0.905	0.851	0.903	0.670
	All	0.897	0.831	0.886	0.668
YOLOv12m	Late blight	0.927	0.867	0.928	0.715	4.9	1.168
	Leaf miner	0.916	0.794	0.884	0.652
	Magnesium deficiency	0.939	0.883	0.937	0.755
	Nitrogen deficiency	0.912	0.791	0.878	0.710
	Potassium deficiency	0.911	0.860	0.894	0.754
	Spotted wilt virus	0.931	0.863	0.921	0.717
	All	0.923	0.843	0.907	0.717
YOLOv12l	Late blight	0.875	0.911	0.937	0.712	7.6	1.741
	Leaf miner	0.905	0.802	0.884	0.656
	Magnesium deficiency	0.939	0.892	0.938	0.764
	Nitrogen deficiency	0.900	0.813	0.884	0.704
	Potassium deficiency	0.952	0.873	0.933	0.788
	Spotted wilt virus	0.919	0.861	0.915	0.720
	All	0.915	0.859	0.915	0.724
YOLOv12x	Late blight	0.925	0.904	0.946	0.763	10.5	2.094
	Leaf miner	0.943	0.836	0.914	0.725
	Magnesium deficiency	0.962	0.889	0.945	0.820
	Nitrogen deficiency	0.948	0.810	0.898	0.764
	Potassium deficiency	0.945	0.910	0.955	0.835
	Spotted wilt virus	0.959	0.889	0.941	0.791
	All	0.947	0.873	0.933	0.783

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