Fig. 3

Ankle joint peak negative power (A), peak positive power (B), total negative work (C), and total positive work (D) across three weight conditions (0 kg, 15 kg, and 30 kg) and three footwear conditions (barefoot, trainers, and military boots). Error bars represent standard deviation. * indicates significant differences identified through post-hoc pairwise comparisons following a significant interaction effect, and ** indicates significant differences identified through post-hoc pairwise comparisons following a significant main effect, both at \(p_{\text {corr}} < 0.05\).