Table 1 Experimental data (partial)

From: Deep learning framework based on ITOC optimization for coal spontaneous combustion temperature prediction: a coupled CNN-BiGRU-CBAM model

experimental temperature (℃)

O2(%)

CO (ppm)

C2H4 (ppm)

CO/ΔO2

C2H4/C₂H₆

C₂H₆

47.6

17.06

130

0

0.33

0

0

47.71

16.84

103

0

0.25

0

0

47.93

17.43

113

0

0.32

0

0

…

…

…

…

…

…

…

418.83

1.89

14248

490.07

7.46

0.12

4083.92

427.54

1

14134

890.72

7.07

0.12

7422.67

431.9

1.5

13429

291

6.89

0.11

2645.45

  1. Note: “ppm” refers to the volume percentage of a gas per million volumes of air and is commonly used to express the concentration of a gas in air. For instance, 1 ppm CO indicates that there is 1 volume unit of CO gas for every 1 million volume units of air. On the other hand, “CO/ΔO₂” represents the ratio of the volume fraction of CO to the volume fraction of remaining O₂. This ratio is used to reflect the relationship between changes in gas concentration during combustion or oxidation reactions6,35.
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