Fig. 7 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 7

From: Sodium formate-induced mitochondrial impairment and cytotoxicity in neuronal cells reveal crucial pathogenic mechanisms underlying diabetic neuropathy and retinopathy

Fig. 7

Effect of SF on Mitochondrial ROS levels in HT22 cells. (A) Effect of SF on mitochondrial ROS levels (fluorescence microscopy, scale bar = 25 μm) following treatment with SF (12.5, 25, 50 and 75 mM) for 48 h. (B–F) Effect of SF on mitochondrial ROS levels (flow cytometry) following treatment with 25 mM of SF for 24 h (B), 48 h (C), 72 h (D), 96 h (E), and 120 h (F). The left panels are the histograms, and the right panels are the corresponding quantitative intensity values (n = 3; the value for the control group is labeled on top of the bar). (G–J) Concentration- and time-dependent effects of SF on mitochondrial ROS levels (confocal microscopy, scale bar = 20 μm) following treatment with SF (25, 50 and 75 mM) for 24 h (G) or 48 h (H). Panels I and J are the quantitative analysis of the image results in G and H (using the ImageJ software) showing the red fluorescence intensity at 561 nm (excitation). Each value is the mean ± S.D. (n = 3). * and ** denote for P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively.

Back to article page