Table 10 Statistical analysis of proposed RF-DETR architecture.

From: Optimised RFO tuned RF-DETR model for precision urine microscopy for renal and systemic disease diagnosis

Comparison

Mean difference

p-value (t-test)

p-value (Wilcoxon)

Significant (p < 0.05)

RF-DETR (RFO) vs. YOLOv8

+ 0.069

0.0032

0.0054

✔ Yes

RF-DETR (RFO) vs. Faster R-CNN

+ 0.090

0.0018

0.0039

✔ Yes

RF-DETR (RFO) vs. RF-DETR (PSO)

+ 0.017

0.0271

0.0327

✔ Yes

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