Fig. 2
From: Optimizing sustainable and multifunctional management of Alpine Forests under climate change
(A) The case study site underlies spatial management priorities: forest with protection services and biodiversity and conservation services (reserves, mountain pine forest, habitat for capercaillie). (B) While mountain pine forests and forest reserves are mostly not managed (NO), the capercaillie habitat is usually more intensively managed to guarantee the species’ preferable open forest structures (CNF-HIGH). The remaining areas, including protection forests, are currently under close-to-nature forestry (CNF) management, but NO, CNF-LOW, CNF, CNF-ClimAdapt and CNF-HIGH are considered under the enterprise optimization scenarios (see Section “Future management and optimization scenarios”). For explanations of the CNF management categories, see Section “Forest growth and management simulations”.
