Table 3 Modulation formats.

From: Modeling and analysis of the coupling effect for large-scale multi-band optical networks

Modulation formats

Spectrum efficiency (bit/s/Hz)

GSNR threshold (dB)

PM-BPSK

2

5.32

PM-QPSK

4

8.32

PM-8QAM

6

12.313

PM-16QAM

8

14.98

PM-32QAM

10

17.96

PM-64QAM

12

20.88

PM-128QAM

14

23.78

PM-256QAM

16

26.655