Table 1 Median (25th–75th percentile) group values for OGTT outcomes and biochemical analyses performed on participants at HDT-2, HDT 9 and HDT 13.
Factor | HDT-2 | HDT 9 | HDT 13 (OGTT) HDT 15 (FGF-23/α-klotho) |
|---|---|---|---|
Glucose AUC (α ††) | |||
CONT | 213 (193–318) | 419 (313–549) | 560 (308–721) |
EX | 319 (182–394) | 340 (241–374) | 329 (256–391) |
Insulin AUC (α ††) | |||
CONT | 35,076 (25,331–42,734) | 44,854 (37,490–54,126) | 48,717 (37,673–59,360) |
EX | 43,067 (38,438–60,588) | 41,634 (37,089–63,597) | 46,713 (40,666–67,341) |
HOMA-IR | |||
CONT | 0.76 (0.54–1.20) | 0.87 (0.65–1.34) | 1.0 (0.78–1.14) |
EX | 1.43 (1.18–1.94) | 1.03 (0.97–1.85) | 1.38 (1.10–1.99) |
QUICKI (β †) | |||
CONT | 0.40 (0.38–0.44) | 0.41 (0.38–0.43) | 0.40 (0.39–0.41) |
EX | 0.37 (0.36–0.39) | 0.39 (0.36–0.40) | 0.38 (0.36–0.39) |
ISI(0,120) (α †) | |||
CONT | 36.7 (32.2–41.3) | 31.3 (26.9–35.7) | 28.3 (23.7–32.9) |
EX | 31.0 (26.6–35.4) | 30.0 (25.7–34.4) | 26.5 (21.7–31.2) |
Matsuda Index (γ †) | |||
CONT | 9.58 (7.08–12.90) | 8.13 (5.70–12.20) | 6.93 (6.10–9.54) (A ††) |
EX | 5.69 (4.90–7.11) | 7.46 (4.31–8.45) | 6.15 (3.95–7.93) |
BIGTT-AIR | |||
CONT | 2653 (1583–3181) | 2293 (1797–3497) | 2152 (1720–3531) |
EX | 2797 (2479–3363) | 2625 (2080–3382) | 2576 (1659–2948) |
Intact FGF-23, pg/ml (γ ††) | |||
CONT | 32.9 (24.6–45.2) | 29.6 (21.4–39.4) | 26.7 (25.5–35.9) |
EX | 27.9 (27.0–41.5) | 41.3 (37.4–49.2) (A ††, B †) | 41.7 (32.8–47.9) (A †††) |
Soluble α-klotho, pg/ml (α ††††, δ ††) | |||
CONT | 614 (502–866) | 726 (582–948) (A ††) | 756 (722–1078) (A †††) |
EX | 664 (554–898) | 718 (698–1029) (A ††) | 876 (772–1134) (A ††††) |
Total osteocalcin, ng/ml (α ††) | |||
CONT | 11.5 (10.3–16.7) | 12.2 (10.4–19.8) | N/A |
EX | 11.8 (9.9–14.2) | 11.8 (11.0–15.1) | N/A |
Undercarboxylated osteocalcin, ng/ml | |||
CONT | 4.51 (2.58–5.35) | 3.91 (3.39–4.72) | N/A |
EX | 2.73 (1.54–3.68 | 2.38 (1.91–3.64) | N/A |
Undercarboxylated-osteocalcin ratio (γ †) | |||
CONT | 0.30 (0.22–0.39) | 0.25 (0.20–0.36) (A †) | N/A |
EX | 0.23 (0.13–0.31) | 0.24 (0.15–0.28) | N/A |
Insulin-like growth factor 1, nmol/L | |||
CONT | 19.5 (16.4–22.2) | 20.2 (15.1–24.4) | N/A |
EX | 21.3 (19.4–27.2) | 24.4 (22.4–28.7) | N/A |
25-Hydroxyvitamin D, nmol/L | |||
CONT | 60 (51.5–65.8) | 61 (51.5–72.5) | N/A |
EX | 85 (59–98.5) | 97 (68–109) | N/A |
Serum phosphate, mmol/L (α †††) | |||
CONT | 1.13 (1.04–1.18) | 1.16 (1.04–1.28) | N/A |
EX | 1.03 (1.00–1.21) | 1.19 (1.12–133) | N/A |
