Table 1 ADMET analysis of proanthocyanidin.
Category | Property | Value | Interpretation |
|---|---|---|---|
Absorption | Human intestinal absorption (HIA) | 0.98 (High) | Good predicted intestinal absorption |
Absorption | Caco-2 permeability | −6.76 (Low) | Low permeability may limit absorption |
Distribution | Blood–brain barrier (BBB) penetration | 0.013 (No) | Unlikely to cross blood–brain barrier |
Metabolism | CYP3A4 inhibition | 0.167 (No) | Low risk of CYP3A4 interaction |
Toxicity | AMES toxicity | 0.269 (No) | Non-mutagenic |
Toxicity | Hepatotoxicity (DILI) | 0.253 (Moderate) | Potential for liver injury |
Drug-likeness | Lipinski rule of five | Violated (3 violations) | May affect oral bioavailability and drug-likeness |
