Fig. 3

Macrosiphum calvulum oviparous female detected on Svalbard archipelago. (A-B) living specimens of celadon green, covered with distinct white wax pattern oviparous female on the upper side of the host plant, polar willow (Salix polaris). (C) oviparous female and dark green fundatrix. (D) fresh specimen. (E) slide-mounted specimen.